Chapter => 5 (Coal & Petroleum) Of Class 8

These are definitions of Chapter => 5 (Coal & Petroleum) Of Class 8,  Learn And Practice for CBSE Examinations.

Definitions:

1.         Inexhaustible Natural Resources=> These are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely be exhausted by human activity. Examples are: sunlight, air.

2.         Exhaustible Natural Resources=> The amount of these resources are limited. They can be exhausted by human activity. Examples of these resources are forest, wildlife, mineral, coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.

3.         Coal=> It is hard as stone and is black in colour. Coal is one of the fuels used to cook food. Coal is a flammable black hard rock used as a solid fossil fuel. It is mainly made up of 65-95% carbon and also contains hydrogen, sulphur, oxygen and nitrogen.

4.         Fossil=> A  fossil is the naturally preserved remains or traces of animals or plants that lived in the geologic past.

5.         Fossil Fuel=>  Some exhaustible natural resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas. These were formed from the dead remains of living organisms (fossils). So, these are all known as Fossil Fue

6.         Coke=>  It is a tough, porous, and black substance. It is an almost pure form of carbon. Coke is used used in the manufacture of steel and in the extraction of many metals.

7.         Coal Tar=> It is a black colour liquid with an unpleasant smell. It is a mixture of about 200 substances.

8.         Coal Gas=> Coal gas is obtained during the processing of coal to get coke.

9.         Bitumen=>  Bitumen, a petroleum product, is used in place of coal-tar for metalling the roads.

10.     Petroleum=> Petroleum was formed from organisms living in the sea. Petroleum is a dark oily liquid. It has an unpleasant odour. It is a mixture of various constituents such as petroleum gas, petrol, paraffin wax etc.

11.     Petroleum Refinery=> The process of separating the various constituents/fractions of petroleum is known as refining. It is carried out in a petroleum refinery.

12       Natural Gas=> Flammable gas, consisting largely of methane and other hydrocarbons, occurring naturally underground (often in association with petroleum) and used as fuel and is very important fossil fuel because it’s easy to transport through pipes.

13        C.N.G (compressed natural gas) => C.N.G is used for power generation. it is now being   used as a fuel for transport vehicles because it is less polluting. It is a cleaner fuel.

14        Petroleum Conservation Research Association (P.C.R.A) => In India, P.C.R.A advises  people how to save petrol/diesel while driving.

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