Classification of Organic Compounds Tutorial

Click here for Classification of Organic Compounds online Notes and basic entrance exam Concepts.Download study material etc."> Classification of Organic Compounds into different categories:

Acyclic compounds:
Organic compounds in which all the carbon atoms are linked to one another to form open chains (Straight or branched) are called Acyclic, Open Chain or Aliphatic Compounds.
These may be saturated or unsaturated. e.g. CH₄ (Methane), CH₃ (Methyl Alcohol)
Cyclic Compounds:
These compounds contain atleast one ring in their structures if the ring contains only one of atoms, the compound is called Homocyclic and if the ring contains atleast one heteroatom, the compound is called Heterocyclic.

Homocyclic Compouds:
These Compouds contain rings which are made up of only one type of atoms. As the organic compounds contain rings of only carbon atoms, these are also called Carboxylic Compouds.There are two types:
1. Alicyclic compounds: Carboxylic Compouds which resemble aliphatic compounds in their properties are called alicyclic compounds. e.g.
  
  Cyclohaxane
  
  Chlorocyclohaxane
2. Aromatic Compouds:Organic Compounds which contain one or more fused or isolated benzene rings are called Benzenoid Compounds or Arenes. e.g.
  
  Benzene
  
  Naphthalene
Heterocyclic Compouds: Cyclic Compounds which contain one or more heteroatoms (e.g. O, S, etc) in the ring are called Heterocyclic Compouds.
1. Alicyclic heterocyclick Compouds:
  HeteroCyclic compounds which resemble aliphatic compounds in their properties are called Alicyclic HeteroCyclic Compouds. e.g.
  
  Piperidine
  
  Tetrahydrofuran(T.H.F.)
2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds: HeteroCyclic compounds which resemble aromatic compounds in most of their properties are called Aromatic Heterocyclic Compounds.e.g.
  
  Furan
  
  Thiophene